Hubbard v. Murray’s Empirical Analysis
1939
Citation profile
19 federal appellate · 53 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 89 later decisions — most recently January 2011 · most notably General Electric Company, and Third-Party v. Kelly C. Moretz, and Mason & Dixon Lines, Inc., Third-Party (1959), Medved v. Doolittle (1945)
19 federal appellate · 53 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Wyatt v. Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone Co. · Kinsey v. Brugh · Harris v. Howerton · Wallace v. Jones · Braswell v. Virginia Electric & Power Co.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 89 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“" * * * Where a second tort-feasor becomes aware, or by the exercise of ordinary care should be aware, of the existence of a potential danger created by the negligence of an original tort-feasor, and thereafter by an independent act of negligence brings about an accident, the condition created by the first tort-feasor becomes merely a circumstance of the accident, but is not a proximate cause thereof. The original negligence of the first tort-feasor is legally insulated by the intervening independent negligence of the second tort-feasor, and the latter becomes the sole proximate cause of the accident.””
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.