State v. Chapman’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

34 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 34 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. ““[T]he amount of force used by police, the need for such force, and the extent to which the individual’s freedom of movement was restrained, . . . and in particular such factors as the number of agents involved, . . . whether the target of the stop was suspected of being armed, . . . the duration of the stop, . . . and the physical treatment of the suspect . . . including whether or not handcuffs were used.””

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage
   e.g. State v. Sullivan · Galloway v. Town of Hartford

2. “[a] brief detention, its scope reasonably related to the justification for the stops and inquiry, is permitted in order to investigate the circumstances that provoke suspicion.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. State v. Ford

3. “An investigative detention employs `the least intrusive means reasonably available to verify or dispel the officer's suspicion in a short period of time.'”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. State v. Cunningham