Sanders ex rel. Estate of Sanders v. Howze’s Empirical Analysis
177 F.3d 1245 · 1999
Citation profile
3 federal appellate · 1 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 14 later decisions — most recently September 2017
3 federal appellate · 1 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Anderson v. Creighton · Mitchell v. Forsyth · Farmer v. Brennan · Lassiter v. Alabama
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 14 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[P]revious case law must have developed [the alleged federal right] in a concrete factual context so as to make it obvious to a reasonable actor that his actions violate federal law.... If no such case law exists, then the defendants are entitled to qualified immunity.”); Harbert International v. James, 157 F.3d at 1285 (prior case law must be”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.