Montoya v. United States’s Empirical Analysis
180 U.S. 261 · 1901
Citation profile
75 federal appellate · 35 district · 11 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 208 later decisions (12 by the Supreme Court) — most recently October 2023 · most notably United States v. Candelaria (1926), South Carolina v. Catawba Indian Tribe, Inc. (1986)
75 federal appellate · 35 district · 11 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on United States v. Pacific Railroad · United States v. Pugh · Marks v. United States · Bas v. Tingy
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 208 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“a body of Indians of the same or a similar race, united in a community under one leadership or government, and inhabiting a particular though sometimes ill-defined territory.”
19 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“As they had no established laws, no recognized method of choosing their sovereigns by inheritance or election, no officers with defined powers, their governments in their original state were nothing more than a temporary submission to an intellectual or physical superior, who in some cases ruled with absolute authority, and in others, was recognized only so long as he was able to dominate the tribe by the qualities which originally enabled him to secure their leadership. In short, the word 'nation' as applied to the uncivilized Indians is so much of a misnomer as to be little more than a compliment.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“the liability of the United States for the acts of Indian marauders” and that of”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.