181 Pa. Super. 225 - Commonwealth v. Mitchell’s Empirical Analysis
1956
Citation profile
22 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 22 later decisions — most recently December 1983
22 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Beard v. United States · 12 N.J. Super. 293 - State v. Goldberg · Commonwealth v. Ricci
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 22 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““ ‘The doctrine of retreat as developed in homicide cases is not by the weight of authority regarded as applicable to cases involving a mere battery, especially where immediate action appears to be necessary for self protection.’ (citations omitted) ‘The ancient doctrine which makes it the duty of a person assaulted to “retreat to the wall” before he is justified in repelling force by force has been generally modified in the United States. The rule now generally accepted is that one who is assailed may meet force with force without retreating, so long as he uses only such force as is necessary, even though he might with absolute safety avoid the threatened injury or bodily harm by retreating.’ ””
1 later decision quote this exact passage““One who is assaulted in such a way as to induce in him a reasonable and well grounded belief that he is actually in danger of losing his life or of receiving great bodily harm, under the influence of such apprehension, will be justified in defending himself, whether the danger was real or only apparent, and though be mistaken in his reasonable conviction, he will not be held criminally liable . . . But the counterattack which one delivers in such circumstances must not be wholly disproportioned to that which was being made upon him.” (Italics supplied.)”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.