United States v. Charley’s Empirical Analysis
189 F.3d 1251 · 1999
Citation profile
59 federal appellate · 16 district · 19 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 146 later decisions — most recently November 2025 · most notably Nimely v. City of New York (2005), State v. Perry (2010)
59 federal appellate · 16 district · 19 state decisions — followed in 12 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc. · Kotteakos v. United States · Kumho Tire Company, Ltd., et al. v. Patrick Carmichael, Etc., et al. · United States v. Rivera · United States v. Wacker
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 146 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“A non-constitutional error, such as a decision whether to admit or exclude evidence, is considered harmless 'unless a substantial right of [a] party is affected.'”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“If scientific, technical, or other specialized knowledge will assist the trier of fact to understand the evidence or to determine a fact in issue, a witness qualified as an expert by knowledge, skill, experience, training, or education, may testify thereto in the form of an opinion or otherwise.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“substantial influence' on the outcome or [which] leaves one in `grave doubt,' as to whether it had such effect.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.