PATEL’s Empirical Analysis
1988
Citation profile
4 federal appellate ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 7 later decisions — most recently July 2025
4 federal appellate ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 8 U.S.C. § 1153 (§ 203 of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 (McCarran-Walter)) · 8 U.S.C. § 1154 (§ 204 of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 (McCarran-Walter))
Relies on Addington v. Texas · Bradley v. School Board of City of Richmond · Lutwak v. United States · Marshall v. Gibson's Products, Inc. of Plano · DeGurules v. Immigration & Naturalization Service
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 7 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[t]he clear and convincing standard imposes a lower burden than the clear, unequivocal, and convincing standard . . . because it does not require that the evidence be unequivocal or of such a quality as to dispel all doubt.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.