Tinker v. Colwell’s Empirical Analysis
193 U.S. 473 · 1904
Citation profile
116 federal appellate · 70 district · 147 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 995 later decisions (6 by the Supreme Court) — most recently May 2024 · most notably Kawaauhau v. Geiger (1998), Wetmore v. Markoe (1904)
116 federal appellate · 70 district · 147 state decisions — followed in 32 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on United States v. Cook · Huntington v. City of New York · Whitten v. Tomlinson · Boynton v. Ball
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 995 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[W]e think a willful disregard of what one knows to be his duty, an act which is against good morals, and wrongful in and of itself, and which necessarily causes injury and is done intentionally, may be said to be done willfully and maliciously, so as to come within the exception.”
68 later decisions quote this exact passagee.g. Cassidy v. Minihan · In re Kalk“the law implies that there must be malice”
18 later decisions quote this exact passage“liabilities for willful and malicious injuries to the person or property of another.”
11 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.