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198 Ky. 784

Commonwealth v. Warner

Court of Appeals of Kentucky

Decided April 27, 1923

Court of Appeals of Kentucky · decided 1923-04-27

Relies on Royce v. Commonwealth

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Decided 1923-04-27

How this case has been cited

Cited by 11 later decisions — most recently April 1971

11 state decisions

80192319301940195019601970decided

Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.

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¶1Opinion of the Court by

Chief Justice Sampson—

¶2Certifyiug the law.

¶3The trial court directed the jury to find and return a verdict of not guilty against both Warner and Honer on a charge of transporting liquor by automobile along the public highway of Spencer county. The evidence shows that as the two men in one automobile passed through the county seat, the county attorney observed the car and believing it contained liquor called the sheriff’s attention to it and the sheriff attempted to stop the car, but it passed on at a rapid rate to a village some six or seven miles from the county seat, where it was stopped by a barricade placed across the road by a merchant of that village at the instance and direction of the sheriff, made by telephone. The sheriff in his car followed and upon *785arriving at the place with' the county attorney found appellees Honer and Warner at or in their car with several bottles of whiskey scattered about in different places in plain view. At least one or more quart bottles of whiskey had been opened and passed by appellees to the crowd of bystanders. Seeing this, the officers arrested appellees and carried them to the county seat, where.they were charged with the unlawful transportation of whiskey. On a trial they were convicted in the county court, but an appeal was' had to the Spencer circuit court. At the conclusion of the evidence for the Commonwealth showing the foregoing facts the court peremptorily directed the jury to find and return a verdict for the defendants. Complaining of this the Commonwealth prosecutes this appeal.

¶4We cannot tell from the order or judgment entered in the case upon what grounds the circuit court directed the jury to find and return a verdict of not guilty, but we presume it was upon the idea that the evidence offered by the Commonwealth was obtained in an unlawful manner, there being no search warrant, and being so obtained was incompetent and when -excluded no evidence was left to sustain a verdict of guilty.

¶5Where the whiskey, which it is charged was being unlawfully transported, is exposed to view and can be seen by persons within a reasonable distance of the automobile without making a search or uncovering the whiskey, no search warrant is required. Where the object is in plain view no search is necessary, for a search could only expose it or offer opportunities for doing so. Where no search is necessary no warrant is required. Royce v. Commonwealth, 194 Ky. 480.

¶6The trial court erred in directing the jury, to find and return a verdict of not guilty, and the law is so certified.

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