United States v. Keppler’s Empirical Analysis
2 F.3d 21 · 1993
Citation profile
81 federal appellate ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 109 later decisions — most recently September 2016 · most notably United States v. Diaz (1999), United States v. Villafuerte (2007)
81 federal appellate ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1341 (White-Collar Crime Penalty Enhancement Act of 2002) · 26 U.S.C. § 7206
Relies on Yagow v. United States · Penn v. Parke State Bank · Nagac v. Derwinski · Kliebert v. Upjohn Co.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 109 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“a defendant's substantial rights the violation of which would result in manifest injustice.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“seriously affect[] the fairness, integrity, or public reputation of judicial proceedings.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“when a defendant could have received exactly the same sentence in the absence of the alleged error, we cannot say that its occurrence affected defendant's substantial rights resulting in a manifest injustice.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.