Sockwell v. Phelps’s Empirical Analysis
20 F.3d 187 · 1994
Citation profile
14 federal appellate · 1 district · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 57 later decisions — most recently September 2024 · most notably Williams Lb v. Kaufman County (2003), Patterson v. P.H.P. Healthcare Corp. (1996)
14 federal appellate · 1 district · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act)) · 42 U.S.C. § 1988
Relies on Pullman-Standard v. Swint · Smith v. Wade · Newman v. Piggie Park Enterprises, Inc. · Lee v. Washington · Thompkins v. Belt
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 57 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“is `motivated by evil intent' or demonstrates `reckless or callous indifference' to a person's constitutional rights.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Absent an error of law, the reviewing court will sustain the amount of damages awarded by the fact finder, unless the amount is clearly erroneous or so gross or inadequate as to be contrary to right reason.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“(1) prison guards were unable to visually monitor each ... cell; ... (3) two instances occurred in which black and white prisoners housed together became violent; (4) racial supremacy groups existed within the prison ranks; and (5) interracial conflict may have triggered more generalized racial violence.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.