State v. Carter’s Empirical Analysis
1986
Citation profile
3 federal appellate · 62 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 65 later decisions — most recently October 2025 · most notably State v. Day (1995), 184 Ill. 2d 1 - People v. Burton (1998)
3 federal appellate · 62 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Faretta v. California · Brewer v. Williams · Weatherford v. Bursey · Padilla-Martinez v. United States · Benjamin v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 65 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[t]he constitutional right of self-representation depends ... upon its invocation by the defendant in a clear and unequivocal manner. ... In the absence of a clear and unequivocal assertion of the right to self-representation, a trial court has no independent obligation to inquire into the defendant's interest in representing himself .... [Instead] recognition of the right becomes a matter entrusted to the exercise of discretion by the trial court.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage“In the exercise of that discretion, the trial court must weigh into the balance its obligation to indulge in every reasonable presumption against waiver of the right to counsel.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage“The constitutional right of self-representation depends . . . upon its invocation by the defendant in a clear and unequivocal manner.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.