2002 Pa. Super. 405 - Commonwealth v. Ingram’s Empirical Analysis
2002
Citation profile
28 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 29 later decisions — most recently February 2022 · most notably 2008 Pa. Super. 6 - Commonwealth v. Williams (2008), Commonwealth v. Pakacki (2006)
28 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · Terry v. Ohio · Nix v. Williams · United States v. Crews · Commonwealth v. Garvin
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 29 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The detention to which appellee [the pedestrian] was subjected was not so coercive as to constitute the functional equivalent of an arrest. Here, [the arresting officer] had information that appellee may have been involved in a shooting, and when he stopped appellee, he understandably stated that he was going to frisk him for weapons as a safety measure. This interaction was the classic scenario contemplated by Terry [, supra,] and did not constitute custody; after the frisk and a ‘moderate number of questions’ about the shooting, appellee would have been free to leave, had the trooper not smelled marijuana and felt the pipe. This was not the functional equivalent of an arrest.... Thus, we hold appellee was not in custody so as to require Miranda warnings before the officer asked him about the object in his pocket.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“¶ 4 It is well settled that [wjhen reviewing an order denying a motion to suppress evidence, we must determine whether the factual findings of the trial court are supported by the evidence of record. In making this determination, this Court may only consider the evidence of the Commonwealth’s witnesses, and so much of the evidence for the defendant, as fairly read in the context of the record as a whole, as remains uncontradicted. If the evidence supports the findings of the trial court, we are bound by such findings and may reverse only if the legal conclusions drawn therefrom are erroneous.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage““Mandatory sentence.- — Any person who is convicted of a violation of section 13(a)(30) of the Act of April 14, 1972 (P.L. 233, no. 64), known as The Controlled Substance, Drug, Device and Cosmetic Act, when at the time of the offense the person or the person’s accomplice is in physical possession or control of a firearm, whether visible, concealed about the person or the person’s accomplice or within the actor’s or accomplice’s reach or in close proximity to the controlled substance, shall likewise be sentenced to a minimum sentence of at least five years of total confinement.””
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.