2005 Pa. Super. 271 - Commonwealth v. Alford’s Empirical Analysis
2005
Citation profile
9 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 9 later decisions — most recently March 2025
9 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Johnson v. COM., PA. BD. OF PROB. & PAR. · In re Griffin · Bourdeev v. Commonwealth · Office of Disciplinary Counsel v. Anonymous Attorney · 2000 Pa. Super. 47 - Commonwealth v. Hopkins
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 9 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“An intent is a subjective frame of mind, it is of necessity difficult of direct proof[.] We must look to all the evidence to establish intent, including, but not limited to, appellant’s conduct as it appeared to his eyes[.] Intent can be proven by direct or circumstantial evidence; it may be inferred from acts or conduct or from the attendant circumstances.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“§ 3701. Robbery (a) Offense defined.— (1) A person is guilty of robbery if, in the course of committing a theft, he: (ii) threatens another with or intentionally puts him in fear of immediate serious bodily injury;”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“[b]odily injury which creates a substantial risk of death or which causes serious, permanent disfigurement, or protracted loss or impairment of the function of any bodily member or organ.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Com. v. Landis
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.