State v. Lockstedt’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

14 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 14 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “An alert, conversely, is `the dog's innate or involuntary response when sniffing a particular odor.'”

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage
   e.g. State v. Tam Thi Thu Nguyen · State v. Guerra

2. “a dog's trained behavior to signal its handler that a target odor is in the location being sniffed.”

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage
   e.g. State v. Tam Thi Thu Nguyen · State v. Guerra

3. “Although probable cause is generally required for a search, the requisite level of suspicion necessary to effectuate the stop of a vehicle is not equivalent to probable cause necessary for an arrest or a search warrant. Law enforcement officers are only required to show a reasonable suspicion to stop an automobile. That is, an officer must have specific and articulable suspicion of a violation. Therefore, the basis needed for a traffic stop is minimal.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. State v. Starkey