2008 Pa. Super. 124 - Commonwealth v. Collins’s Empirical Analysis
2008
Citation profile
23 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 23 later decisions — most recently September 2023
23 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Commonwealth v. Nester · Office of Disciplinary Counsel v. Anonymous Attorney · Commonwealth v. McCree · 2002 Pa. Super. 383 - Commonwealth v. Reppert · Commonwealth v. Mendenhall
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 23 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“the number of officers present during the interaction; whether the officer informs the citizen they are suspected of criminal activity; the officer’s demeanor and tone of voice; the location and timing of the interaction; the visible presence of weapons on the officer; and the questions asked. Otherwise inoffensive contact between a member of the public and the police cannot, as a matter of law, amount to a seizure of that person.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage“The first of these, a ‘mere encounter’ (or request for information), which need not be supported by any level of suspicion, but carries no official compulsion to stop or to respond. The second, an ‘investigative detention’ must be supported by reasonable suspicion; it subjects a suspect to a stop and a period of detention, but does not involve such coercive conditions as to constitute the functional equivalent of an arrest. Finally, an arrest or ‘custodial detention’ must be supported by probable cause.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“The automobile exception to the warrant requirement under the Fourth Amendment [of the U.S. Constitution] provides that the combination of probable cause to seize the object coupled with the exigency created by the inherent mobility of a vehicle gives an officer the lawful right to access the interior of the vehicle to retrieve the object. The more stringent "limited automobile exception” under Article I, § 8 [of Pennsylvania’s Constitution], however, grants a lawful right of access without a warrant only in the additional circumstance that an officer had no advance knowledge that the vehicle stopped or encountered was involved in a crime. This lack of notice coupled with the significantly diminished expectation of privacy in a vehicle permits an officer to access the car and seize the object in accordance with Article I, § 8’s constitutional protections.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.