Beth Pederson’s Empirical Analysis
Citation profile
4
cited by 4 later decisions
1
states following
March 2001
most recently cited
1 state decisions
Relationships
Relies on Anderson v. City of Bessemer City · Warth v. Seldin · Amchem Products, Inc. v. Windsor · Koon v. United States · O'Shea v. Littleton
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 4 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“1. The class is so numerous that joinder of all members is impracticable; 2. There are questions of law or fact common to the class; 8. The claims or defenses of the representative parties are typical of the claims or defenses of the class; and 4. The representative parties will fairly and adequately protect the interests of the class.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“[t]he proper test is not whether [the school district] knew of or is responsible for the actions of others, but whether [the school district] intended to treat women differently on the basis of their sex by providing them unequal athletic opportunity.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“actions resulting from an application of these attitudes constitutes intentional discrimination.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.