2012 Pa. Super. 147 - Commonwealth v. Knox’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

28 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 29 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “[A]t a minimum [the court] should consider a juvenile’s age at the time of the offense,- his diminished culpability and capacity for change, the circumstances of the crime, the extent of his partic ipation in the crime, his‘family, home and neighborhood environment, his emotional maturity and development, the extent that familial and/or peer pressure may have affected him, his past exposure to violence, his drug and alcohol history, his ability to deal with the police, his capacity to assist, his attorney, his mental health history, and his potential for rehabilitation,”

   3 later decisions quote this exact passage
   e.g. 2016 Pa. Super. 28 - Commonwealth v. Secreti · People v. Holman

2. “First[,] the relinquishment of the right must have been voluntary in the sense that it was the product of a free and deliberate choice rather than intimidation, coercion or deception. Second, the waiver must have been made with a full awareness both of the nature of the right being abandoned and the consequences of the decision to abandon it. Only if the "totality of the circumstances surrounding the interrogation" reveal both an uncoerced choice and the requisite level of comprehension may a court properly conclude that Miranda rights have been waived.”

   3 later decisions quote this exact passage
   e.g. Commonwealth v. Smith · In re Interest of N.B.

3. “"[W]e acknowledge that the per se requirement of the presence of an interested adult during a police interview of a juvenile is no longer required. Nevertheless, it remains one factor in determining the voluntariness of a juvenile's waiver of his Miranda rights." In the Interest of T.B. , 11 A.3d [500, 507 (Pa. Super. 2010) ] (citing Commonwealth v. Williams , 504 Pa. 511 , 475 A.2d 1283 (1984) ).”

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage
   e.g. In the Interest of: J.N.W., a Minor · In re Interest of N.B.