[Cite as In re I.K.,
2016-Ohio-659.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
FIRST APPELLATE DISTRICT OF OHIO
HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO
IN RE: I.K. and J.D. : APPEAL NO. C-150667
TRIAL NO. F10-1099X
:
: O P I N I O N.
Appeal From: Hamilton County Juvenile Court
Judgment Appealed From Is: Affirmed
Date of Judgment Entry on Appeal: February 24, 2016
Joseph T. Deters, Hamilton County Prosecuting Attorney, and Roxan Tarnowski,
Assistant Prosecuting Attorney, for Appellee Hamilton County Department of Job
and Family Services,
Raymond T. Faller, Hamilton County Public Defender, and Jessica R. Moss,
Assistant Public Defender, Guardian Ad Litem for I.K. and J.D.,
Erik Laursen, for Appellant Mother,
Roger Kirk, for Appellant J.D.,
Christopher Kapsal, Guardian Ad Litem for Appellant Mother.
Please note: this case has been removed from the accelerated calendar.
O HIO F IRST D ISTRICT C OURT OF A PPEALS
M OCK , Judge.
{¶1} Appellant mother has eight children. She has lost custody of all of
them for various reasons over the years. The two children involved in this case are
her son, appellant J.D., born on December 8, 1999, and her daughter I.K., born on
January 2, 2014. Appellee Hamilton County Department of Job and Family Services
(“HCJFS”) became involved with J.D. because mother was not taking him to his
appointments, was not attending school meetings, was not giving J.D. his
medication, and was failing ensure that J.D. attended school, and because of an
incident in which mother had chased J.D. with a belt into traffic. I.K. was taken into
the custody of HCJFS immediately after she was born.
{¶2} As part of her case plan, mother was ordered to participate in
parenting education, random drug screenings, drug-addiction treatment and
therapy, to meet with a case worker, to comply with recommended medsomatic
services, to complete a psychological evaluation, to obtain housing, to participate in
family therapy with her son, and to participate in supervised visits with her children.
While she did make some progress toward her goals, it was insufficient to prepare
her to care for her special-needs son and newborn daughter. After several attempts
to reunite mother with J.D. and I.K., HCJFS sought permanent custody of both
children. After extensive hearings, the magistrate awarded custody of I.K. to HCJFS,
but declined to do so for J.D. On objections to that decision, the trial court adopted
the decision and analysis of the magistrate as they related to I.K., but then also
awarded custody of J.D. to HCJFS. Mother and J.D. have appealed that decision.
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O HIO F IRST D ISTRICT C OURT OF A PPEALS
The Termination Decision Was Not Error
{¶3} In her sole assignment of error, mother argues that the decision of the
trial court was contrary to the weight of the evidence. J.D. similarly argues in one
assignment of error that the trial court improperly determined that termination of
mother’s rights was in his best interest. When considering these arguments, we
review the evidence, consider the credibility of the witnesses, and determine whether
the trial court clearly lost its way and created such a manifest miscarriage of justice
that the judgment must be reversed. See State v. Thompkins, 78 Ohio St.3d 380,
678
N.E.2d 541 (1997). But “[i]n weighing the evidence, [we] must always be mindful of
the presumption in favor of the finder of fact.” Eastley v. Volkman,
132 Ohio St.3d
328,
2012-Ohio-2179,
972 N.E.2d 517, ¶ 21.
{¶4} R.C. 2151.414(B), the statute governing motions for permanent
custody, has been amended recently. Therefore, we will apply the version of the
statute that was in effect on the date the motion for permanent custody was filed.
See In re C.E.1, 1st Dist. Hamilton No. C-140674, 2015 Ohio App. LEXIS 1170 (Mar.
20, 2015).
{¶5} Former R.C. 2151.414(B) establishes a two-part test for the juvenile
court to apply when ruling on a motion for permanent custody. In re Schaefer, 111
Ohio St.3d 498,
2006-Ohio-5513,
857 N.E.2d 532, ¶ 31. A juvenile court may
terminate parental rights and grant permanent custody of a child to a public children
services agency if it finds by clear and convincing evidence that (1) permanent
custody is in the best interest of the child and (2) one of the four conditions in former
R.C. 2151.414(B)(1)(a)-(d) applies. In re W.W., 1st Dist. Hamilton Nos. C-110363 and
C-110402,
2011-Ohio-4912, ¶ 48. We will address each issue in turn.
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Best-Interest Factors
{¶6} In determining a child’s best interest, the court must consider “all
relevant factors,” including (1) the child’s interaction with the parents, relatives,
foster caregivers, out-of-home providers, and any other person who may significantly
affect the child, (2) the wishes of the child, as expressed by the child or a guardian ad
litem, (3) the custodial history of the child, (4) the child’s need for legally secure
placement and whether that type of placement can be achieved without a grant of
permanent custody, and (5) whether any of the factors under former R.C.
2151.414(E)(7) through (11) apply. Former R.C. 2151.414(D)(1)(a) through (e).
{¶7} In this case, the trial court examined each factor as it related to J.D.
and found that termination of mother’s parental rights was in his best interest. J.D.
had been out of mother’s custody since 2010. Mother also demonstrated that she did
not understand the nature and scope of J.D.’s mental-health issues, she could not
supervise or redirect his inappropriate behavior, and she was incapable of caring for
his mental-health needs.
{¶8} As for I.K., the trial court agreed with the magistrate’s analysis and
adopted it. I.K. had been out of mother’s custody since she had been born. Mother
was unable to provide basic care for her infant. She attended only one of the child’s
medical appointments, and was so inconsistent with her visits that she was required
to call ahead before her scheduled times.
{¶9} Mother frequently failed to make use of services that were offered to
her. Her visits with both children were infrequent and inconsistent. Family therapy
could not continue because of her inconsistent involvement. She failed to effectively
address her own mental-health and substance-abuse issues. In light of this evidence,
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O HIO F IRST D ISTRICT C OURT OF A PPEALS
the trial court concluded that there was no reason to believe that mother’s
compliance would change.
{¶10} Based on this record, the determination of the trial court that it was in
the best interest of the children to terminate mother’s parental rights was not against
the weight of the evidence.
Former R.C. 2151.414(B)(1) Findings
{¶11} Next we consider whether the trial court properly determined that
one of the four conditions in former R.C. 2151.414(B)(1) applied for each child. The
four conditions are that (a) the child cannot be placed with either parent within a
reasonable time or should not be placed with either parent, (b) the child is
abandoned, (c) the child is orphaned and no relatives are able to take permanent
custody, or (d) the child had been in the temporary custody of the agency for 12 or
more months of a consecutive 22-month period ("12 of 22") at the time the agency
moved for permanent custody. Former R.C. 2151.414(B)(1).
{¶12} J.D. had clearly been in the custody of the agency longer than 12
months of a consecutive 22-month period. Therefore, the trial court properly
determined that former R.C. 2151.414(B)(1)(d) applied, and that decision was not
against the manifest weight of the evidence.
{¶13} Alternately, the trial court determined that I.K. could not be placed
with either parent in a reasonable time. See former R.C. 2151.414(B)(1)(a). In order
to reach that conclusion, the trial court had to find that one or more of the factors
enumerated in former R.C. 2151.414(E)(1) through (16) existed.
{¶14} The identity of the father was unknown. Therefore, placement with
him was not possible. As to the mother, the trial court concluded that she had failed
to remedy the problems that had initially caused the children to be placed outside the
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O HIO F IRST D ISTRICT C OURT OF A PPEALS
home. See former R.C. 2151.414(E)(1). Mother lacked the ability to provide basic
care, and failed to effectively participate in programs designed to remedy those
deficiencies. I.K. had been in a foster home since her birth. And mother had not
effectively addressed her own mental-health and substance-abuse issues. While
mother had made some progress, even substantial completion of a case plan does
not, in and of itself, require that children be reunified with parents who have failed to
remedy the conditions which led to removal in the first place. In re J.L., 8th Dist.
Cuyahoga No. 84368, 2004-Ohio-6024, ¶ 20.
{¶15} The determination that former R.C. 2151.414(E)(1) applied was
supported by the record. And since the trial court properly determined that mother
had failed to remedy the problems that had initially caused the children to be placed
outside the home, it properly determined that I.K. could not be placed with either
parent in a reasonable time pursuant to former R.C. 2151.414(B)(1)(a). This
determination as not against the manifest weight of the evidence.
Conclusion
{¶16} Upon our review of the record, we hold that the court’s findings as to
the best-interest factors and the former R.C. 2151.414(B)(1) factors were not against
the manifest weight of the evidence. Therefore, the assignments of error of mother
and J.D. are overruled. We affirm the judgment of the trial court.
Judgment affirmed.
DEWINE, P.J., and STAUTBERG, J., concur.
Please note:
The court has recorded its own entry on the date of the release of this opinion.
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