)LOHGE\&OHUNRI6XSUHPH&RXUW
,17+(6835(0(&2857
67$7(2)1257+'$.27$
1'
/RUU\9DQ&KDVH 3HWLWLRQHUDQG$SSHOODQW
Y
6WDWHRI1RUWK'DNRWD 5HVSRQGHQWDQG$SSHOOHH
1R
$SSHDOIURPWKH'LVWULFW&RXUWRI5ROHWWH&RXQW\1RUWKHDVW-XGLFLDO'LVWULFW
WKH+RQRUDEOH0LFKDHO3+XUO\-XGJH
$)),50(',13$575(9(56(',13$57$1'5(0$1'('
2SLQLRQRIWKH&RXUWE\0F(YHUV-XVWLFH
/RUU\9DQ&KDVHVHOIUHSUHVHQWHG%LVPDUFN1'SHWLWLRQHUDQGDSSHOODQW
VXEPLWWHGRQEULHI
5\DQ-7KRPSVRQ6WDWH¶V$WWRUQH\'HYLOV/DNH1'IRUUHVSRQGHQWDQG
DSSHOOHHVXEPLWWHGRQEULHI
&KDVHY6WDWH
1R
0F(YHUV-XVWLFH
>@ /RUU\9DQ&KDVHDSSHDOVIURPDGLVWULFWFRXUWRUGHUGHQ\LQJKLVUHTXHVWHG
UHOLHI2QDSSHDO&KDVHDUJXHVWKHGLVWULFWFRXUWHUUHGE\ FRQVLGHULQJKLVPRWLRQ
FLWLQJ1'5&LY3 E DVDQDSSOLFDWLRQIRUSRVWFRQYLFWLRQUHOLHILQRUGHUWRGHQ\
LWZLWKRXWDKHDULQJ GHQ\LQJKLVPRWLRQRQJURXQGVRIPLVXVHRISURFHVVDQGUHV
MXGLFDWD ILQGLQJ QR FRUURERUDWLQJ HYLGHQFH ZDV SUHVHQWHG WR VXSSRUW &KDVH¶V
FODLPKLVDWWRUQH\GLUHFWHGKLPWROLH ILQGLQJ&KDVHLVERXQGE\WKHXQHWKLFDO
DFWLRQVRIKLVIRUPHUFRXQVHODQG GHQ\LQJKLVPRWLRQZLWKRXWDSSRLQWLQJFRXQVHO
DVUHTXHVWHG:HDIILUPLQSDUWUHYHUVHLQSDUWDQGUHPDQGIRUIXUWKHUSURFHHGLQJV
,
>@ ,QDMXU\FRQYLFWHG&KDVHRIJURVVVH[XDOLPSRVLWLRQ+HDSSHDOHGWRWKH
1RUWK'DNRWD6XSUHPH&RXUWDQGWKHFRQYLFWLRQZDVDIILUPHGState v. Chase
1'1:G,Q6HSWHPEHU&KDVHILOHGDQDSSOLFDWLRQ
IRU SRVWFRQYLFWLRQ UHOLHI ZLWK WKH DVVLVWDQFH RI SRVWFRQYLFWLRQ FRXQVHO DOOHJLQJ
LQHIIHFWLYH DVVLVWDQFH RI WULDO FRXQVHO 6SHFLILFDOO\ &KDVH FODLPHG KH UHFHLYHG
LQHIIHFWLYH DVVLVWDQFH RI FRXQVHO EHFDXVH KLV WULDO DWWRUQH\ IDLOHG WR ILOH D
1'5(YPRWLRQ IDLOHGWRFRQGXFWSUHWULDOLQYHVWLJDWLRQDQGGLVFRYHU\
IDLOHGWRGHYHORSFULWLFDOZLWQHVVWHVWLPRQ\DWWULDO IDLOHGWRGLVFORVHDFRQIOLFWRI
LQWHUHVWDQG LQVWUXFWHG&KDVHWROLHXQGHURDWK,Q1RYHPEHUWKHGLVWULFW
FRXUWGHQLHG&KDVH¶VUHTXHVWHGUHOLHI&KDVHDSSHDOHGWKHFRXUW¶VRUGHUDQGWKLV
&RXUWUHYHUVHGWKHRUGHUDQGUHPDQGHGIRUDQHYLGHQWLDU\KHDULQJChase v. State
1'1:G$IWHUDQHYLGHQWLDU\KHDULQJWKHFRXUWGHQLHG
&KDVH¶V DSSOLFDWLRQ RQ 'HFHPEHU PDNLQJ ILQGLQJV RQ HDFK VSHFLILF
DOOHJDWLRQRILQHIIHFWLYHDVVLVWDQFHRIFRXQVHO&KDVHDSSHDOHGWRWKH1RUWK'DNRWD
6XSUHPH&RXUWDQGWKHRUGHUZDVVXPPDULO\DIILUPHGEDVHGRQ&KDVH¶VIDLOXUHWR
VXSSO\DWUDQVFULSWRIWKHHYLGHQWLDU\KHDULQJChase v. State1'
1:G
>@ 2Q1RYHPEHU&KDVHILOHGD1'5&LY3 E PRWLRQIRUUHOLHI
IURP MXGJPHQW VHHNLQJ UHOLHI IURP WKH GLVWULFW FRXUW¶V 'HFHPEHU RUGHU
GHQ\LQJ SRVWFRQYLFWLRQ UHOLHI DOOHJLQJ KLV SRVWFRQYLFWLRQ FRXQVHO SURYLGHG
LQHIIHFWLYHDVVLVWDQFHRIFRXQVHO FRDFKHG&KDVHWROLHDWWKHHYLGHQWLDU\KHDULQJ
YLRODWHG HWKLFV UXOHV YLRODWHG WKH UXOHV RI DSSHOODWH SURFHGXUH DQG
DWWHPSWHGWRFRYHUXSKLVHUURUVE\DGYLVLQJ&KDVHQRWWRILOHDIHGHUDOKDEHDVFRUSXV
SHWLWLRQDQG DWWHPSWHGWRFRQYLQFH&KDVHWROLHLQD1'5&ULP3PRWLRQ
&KDVHDOVRDSSOLHGIRUFRXUWDSSRLQWHGFRXQVHO2Q1RYHPEHUWKH6WDWH
UHVSRQGHGDVVHUWLQJWKHDIILUPDWLYHGHIHQVHVRIUHVMXGLFDWDDQGPLVXVHRISURFHVV
,Q 'HFHPEHU &KDVH¶V SUHYLRXVO\ UHWDLQHG DWWRUQH\ PRYHG WR ZLWKGUDZ DV
FRXQVHO,Q-DQXDU\WKHFRXUWGHQLHGUHOLHIRQWKH1'5&LY3 E PRWLRQ
ILQGLQJWKHPRWLRQZDVDFWXDOO\DQDSSOLFDWLRQIRUSRVWFRQYLFWLRQUHOLHIDQGZDV
WKHUHIRUH EDUUHG E\ UHV MXGLFDWD DQG PLVXVH RI SURFHVV &KDVH DSSHDOV IURP WKH
FRXUW¶VRUGHU
,,
>@ &HQWUDOWRWKHGLVSRVLWLRQRIWKLVDSSHDOLVZKHWKHU&KDVH¶V1'5&LY3 E
PRWLRQZDVSURSHUO\FODVVLILHGDVDPRWLRQRULQVWHDGDVWKHGLVWULFWFRXUWIRXQGDV
DQ DSSOLFDWLRQ IRU SRVWFRQYLFWLRQ UHOLHI :H KDYH RQ RFFDVLRQ FRQVLGHUHG
GHIHQGDQWV¶PRWLRQVDVDSSOLFDWLRQVIRUSRVWFRQYLFWLRQUHOLHIZKHQWKHGHIHQGDQWKDV
DOUHDG\ILOHGDWOHDVWRQHSULRUDSSOLFDWLRQIRUSRVWFRQYLFWLRQUHOLHISee State v.
Atkins1'1:G KROGLQJGHIHQGDQW¶VPRWLRQWRZLWKGUDZ
KLVJXLOW\SOHDZDVDFWXDOO\KLVWKLUGDSSOLFDWLRQIRUSRVWFRQYLFWLRQUHOLHIZKHQKH
KDGSUHYLRXVO\ILOHGWZRDSSOLFDWLRQVIRUSRVWFRQYLFWLRQUHOLHI State v. Gress
1'1:G KROGLQJGHIHQGDQW¶VPRWLRQWRZLWKGUDZKLVJXLOW\
SOHD ZDV DFWXDOO\ KLV VHFRQG DSSOLFDWLRQ IRU SRVWFRQYLFWLRQ UHOLHI ZKHQ KH KDG
DOUHDG\ILOHGRQHDSSOLFDWLRQIRUSRVWFRQYLFWLRQUHOLHI :HKDYHHQFRXQWHUHGSDUWLHV
VHHNLQJWRHYDGHWKHERXQGDULHVRISRVWFRQYLFWLRQSURFHHGLQJVE\ILOLQJPRWLRQV
XQGHUWKH5XOHVRI&ULPLQDO3URFHGXUHXQGHUWKHJXLVHRIPRWLRQSUDFWLFH
:HKROGWKDWDGHIHQGDQWPD\QRWDYRLGWKHSURFHGXUHVRIWKH8QLIRUP
3RVWFRQYLFWLRQ3URFHGXUH$FWE\GHVLJQDWLQJKLVPRWLRQXQGHUDUXOH
RIFULPLQDOSURFHGXUHRUE\ILOLQJKLVPRWLRQLQKLVFULPLQDOILOHUDWKHU
WKDQILOLQJDVDQHZDFWLRQIRUSRVWFRQYLFWLRQUHOLHI
Atkins1'1:G UHO\LQJRQ1'&&
6HFWLRQ 1'&&VWDWHV
$SURFHHGLQJXQGHUWKLVFKDSWHULVQRWDVXEVWLWXWHIRUDQGGRHV
QRWDIIHFWDQ\UHPHG\LQFLGHQWWRWKHSURVHFXWLRQLQWKHWULDOFRXUWRU
GLUHFWUHYLHZRIWKHMXGJPHQWRIFRQYLFWLRQRUVHQWHQFHLQDQDSSHOODWH
FRXUW([FHSWDVRWKHUZLVHSURYLGHGLQWKLVFKDSWHUDSURFHHGLQJXQGHU
WKLVFKDSWHUUHSODFHVDOORWKHUFRPPRQODZVWDWXWRU\RURWKHUUHPHGLHV
DYDLODEOHEHIRUH-XO\IRUFROODWHUDOO\FKDOOHQJLQJWKHYDOLGLW\
RIWKHMXGJPHQWRIFRQYLFWLRQRUVHQWHQFH,WLVWREHXVHGH[FOXVLYHO\
LQSODFHRIWKHP$SURFHHGLQJXQGHUWKLVFKDSWHULVQRWDYDLODEOHWR
SURYLGHUHOLHIIRUGLVFLSOLQDU\PHDVXUHVFXVWRGLDOWUHDWPHQWRURWKHU
YLRODWLRQV RI FLYLO ULJKWV RI D FRQYLFWHG SHUVRQ RFFXUULQJ DIWHU WKH
LPSRVLWLRQRIVHQWHQFH
(YHQ UHDGLQJ KLV GRFXPHQWV JHQHURXVO\ &KDVH¶V RQO\ DOOHJDWLRQ FRQFHLYDEO\
DSSURSULDWH IRU D 1'5&LY3 E PRWLRQ LV KLV DUJXPHQW WKDW KLV DWWRUQH\¶V
UHSUHVHQWDWLRQDPRXQWHGWRIUDXGXQGHU1'5&LY3 E +RZHYHUKLVFODLP
WKDW 1'5&LY3 E DSSOLHV LV PHULWOHVV EHFDXVH IUDXG DOOHJHG XQGHU
1'5&LY3 E PXVWEHDOOHJHGDJDLQVWDQopposing party
E *URXQGVIRU5HOLHI)URPD)LQDO-XGJPHQWRU2UGHU2QPRWLRQ
DQGMXVWWHUPVWKHFRXUWPD\UHOLHYHDSDUW\RULWVOHJDOUHSUHVHQWDWLYH
IURPDILQDOMXGJPHQWRUGHURUSURFHHGLQJIRUWKHIROORZLQJUHDVRQV
IUDXG ZKHWKHU SUHYLRXVO\ FDOOHG LQWULQVLF RU
H[WULQVLF PLVUHSUHVHQWDWLRQ RU PLVFRQGXFW by an
opposing party
(PSKDVLVDGGHG See alsoGajewski v. Bratcher1:G 1'
³7KHEXUGHQLVRQWKHPRYDQWWRHVWDEOLVKE\FOHDUDQGFRQYLQFLQJHYLGHQFHWKDWthe
adverse party REWDLQHG WKH MXGJPHQW WKURXJK IUDXG PLVUHSUHVHQWDWLRQ RU
PLVFRQGXFW´ HPSKDVLVDGGHG &KDVH¶VDWWRUQH\ZDVQRWDQDGYHUVHSDUW\7KH
FRXUWIRXQG&KDVHZDVWU\LQJWRFLUFXPYHQWWKHSRVWFRQYLFWLRQSURFHVVE\PDVNLQJ
KLV UHTXHVW IRU SRVWFRQYLFWLRQ UHOLHI DV D PRWLRQ XQGHU 1'5&LY3 E :H
DJUHH
>@ ,IZHZHUHWRDJUHHZLWK&KDVH¶VUHDVRQLQJWKDWKLV1'5&LY3 E PRWLRQ
XQGHUWKHVHIDFWVLVQRWDQDSSOLFDWLRQIRUSRVWFRQYLFWLRQUHOLHIWKHRXWFRPHUHQGHUV
LQHIIHFWLYHWKHEDURQDWWDFNVRQSRVWFRQYLFWLRQFRXQVHOXQGHU1'&&
ZKLFK VWDWHV ³>D@Q DSSOLFDQW PD\ QRW FODLP FRQVWLWXWLRQDOO\ LQHIIHFWLYH
DVVLVWDQFHRISRVWFRQYLFWLRQFRXQVHOLQSURFHHGLQJVXQGHUWKLVFKDSWHU´%DVHGRQWKH
IDFWVRIWKLVFDVHZHDJUHHZLWKWKHGLVWULFWFRXUWWKDW&KDVH¶V³PRWLRQ´ZDVLQVWHDG
KLVVHFRQGDSSOLFDWLRQIRUSRVWFRQYLFWLRQUHOLHIZLWKUHVSHFWWRFODLPVDJDLQVWSRVW
FRQYLFWLRQFRXQVHO¶VUHSUHVHQWDWLRQ
,,,
>@ +DYLQJGHWHUPLQHGWKHGLVWULFWFRXUWGLGQRWHUULQWUHDWLQJ&KDVH¶VPRWLRQDV
KLVVHFRQGDSSOLFDWLRQIRUSRVWFRQYLFWLRQUHOLHIZHWXUQWRKLVDUJXPHQWWKDWWKH
FRXUW HUUHG E\ GHQ\LQJ KLV DSSOLFDWLRQ ZLWKRXW D KHDULQJ &KDVH DUJXHV XQGHU
1'5&W D KHZDVHQWLWOHGWRDKHDULQJDIWHUPDNLQJVHYHUDOUHTXHVWVIRURQH
)LOLQJ DQ DSSOLFDWLRQ IRU SRVWFRQYLFWLRQ UHOLHI GRHV QRW DXWRPDWLFDOO\ HQWLWOH DQ
DSSOLFDQWWRDQHYLGHQWLDU\KHDULQJ1'&&
>@ ³$Q DSSOLFDQW IRU SRVWFRQYLFWLRQ UHOLHI LV RQO\ µHQWLWOHG WR DQ HYLGHQWLDU\
KHDULQJLIDUHDVRQDEOHLQIHUHQFHUDLVHVDJHQXLQHLVVXHRIPDWHULDOIDFW¶´St. Claire
v. State1'1:G TXRWLQJCrumley v. State1'
1:G 8VXDOO\LWLVWKH6WDWH¶VVXPPDU\GLVPLVVDOPRWLRQWKDWSXWV
WKHDSSOLFDQWWRKLVSURRIDQGVKLIWVWKHEXUGHQWRWKHDSSOLFDQWWRVXSSRUWKLVFODLPV
ZLWKFRPSHWHQWDQGDGPLVVLEOHHYLGHQFHUDLVLQJDJHQXLQHLVVXHRIIDFWPeterka v.
State1'1:G+HUHWKH6WDWH¶VUHSO\GLGQRWUHTXHVW
VXPPDU\GLVPLVVDO
>@ :HKDYHUHFRJQL]HGWKDW³>D@GLVPLVVDORIDQDSSOLFDWLRQIRUSRVWFRQYLFWLRQ
UHOLHIZLWKRXWDKHDULQJLVDVXPPDU\GHQLDOZKHWKHUEDVHGRQ1'&&
RU1'&&´Kaiser v. State1'1:G
8QGHU1'&& WKHGLVWULFWFRXUWPD\HQWHUDMXGJPHQWGHQ\LQJD
PHULWOHVVDSSOLFDWLRQRQLWVRZQPRWLRQEHIRUHWKH6WDWHUHVSRQGVOurada v. State
1' 1:G :KHQ WKH 6WDWH UHVSRQGV WR DQ DSSOLFDWLRQ
VXPPDU\GLVPLVVDORQWKHFRXUW¶VRZQPRWLRQLVQRORQJHUDQRSWLRQXQGHU1'&&
Id:HKDYHDOVRUHFRJQL]HGWKDWZKHQDSDUW\PRYHVIRUGLVPLVVDO
DQ DSSOLFDQW LV HQWLWOHG WR QRWLFH DQG DQ RSSRUWXQLW\ WR EH KHDUG Id. DW
Chisholm v. State1'1:G DSSOLFDQWZDVHQWLWOHGWR
QRWLFHWKDWKLVDSSOLFDWLRQPD\EHVXPPDULO\GLVPLVVHGDQGDQRSSRUWXQLW\WRILOHDQ
DQVZHUEULHIZLWKVXSSRUWLQJPDWHULDOVWRGHPRQVWUDWHWKHH[LVWHQFHRIDJHQXLQHLVVXH
RI PDWHULDO IDFW )XUWKHU ZKHQ WKH GLVWULFW FRXUW WUHDWV RQH SDUW\¶V DQVZHU as a
motionLWHUUVE\IDLOLQJWRSURYLGHQRWLFHDFFRUGLQJO\XQGHU1'5&WWRWKH
DSSOLFDQWOuradaDW
>@ (YHQDVVXPLQJWKHGLVWULFWFRXUWFRQVLGHUHGWKH6WDWH¶VUHVSRQVHDVDUHTXHVW
IRU GLVPLVVDO &KDVH ZDV QRW SXW RQ QRWLFH KLV DSSOLFDWLRQ ZRXOG EH VXPPDULO\
GLVPLVVHG ZKHQ WKH GLVWULFW FRXUW SURYLGHG QR QRWLFH :H FRQFOXGH VXPPDU\
GLVPLVVDOZDVQRWDSSURSULDWHDQGUHPDQGWRWKHGLVWULFWFRXUW
,9
>@ &KDVHDUJXHVWKHGLVWULFWFRXUWDEXVHGLWVGLVFUHWLRQE\QRWJUDQWLQJKLVUHTXHVW
IRUFRXUWDSSRLQWHGFRXQVHO:HKDYHVWDWHG
7KHDSSRLQWPHQWRISRVWFRQYLFWLRQFRXQVHOLVDPDWWHURIWULDO
FRXUW GLVFUHWLRQ DQG ZH ZLOO QRW UHYHUVH D WULDO FRXUW¶V UHIXVDO WR
DSSRLQWFRXQVHODEVHQWDQDEXVHRIWKDWGLVFUHWLRQCrumley v. State
1' 1:G $ WULDO FRXUW VKRXOG UHDG
DSSOLFDWLRQVIRUSRVWFRQYLFWLRQUHOLHILQWKHOLJKWPRVWIDYRUDEOHWRWKH
DSSOLFDQWDQGZKHQDVXEVWDQWLDOLVVXHRIODZRUIDFWPD\H[LVWWKHWULDO
FRXUWVKRXOGDSSRLQWFRXQVHOId+RZHYHUDWULDOFRXUWGRHVQRWDEXVH
LWVGLVFUHWLRQLQUHIXVLQJWRDSSRLQWFRXQVHOZKHQWKHDSSOLFDWLRQIRU
UHOLHILVFRPSOHWHO\ZLWKRXWPHULWId
Jensen v. State1'1:G
>@ $WWKHWLPH&KDVHDSSOLHGIRUFRXUWDSSRLQWHGFRXQVHOKHVWLOOKDGDQDWWRUQH\
RIUHFRUG:KLOHKLVDSSOLFDWLRQZDVSHQGLQJKLVDWWRUQH\PRYHGWRZLWKGUDZDV
FRXQVHO7KDWPRWLRQZDVQRWJUDQWHGXQWLODIWHUWKHGLVWULFWFRXUWGLVPLVVHG&KDVH¶V
DSSOLFDWLRQDQG&KDVH¶VUHTXHVWIRUFRXUWDSSRLQWHGFRXQVHOZDVQHYHUDFWHGXSRQ
E\WKHFRXUW2QUHPDQGWKHFRXUWVKRXOGUHYLHZ&KDVH¶VDSSOLFDWLRQDQGGHWHUPLQH
ZKHWKHULQGLJHQWGHIHQVHFRXQVHOVKRXOGEHDSSRLQWHG
9
>@ :HKDYHUHYLHZHGDOORWKHULVVXHVDQGKDYHGHWHUPLQHGWKH\DUHHLWKHUZLWKRXW
PHULWRUXQQHFHVVDU\WRWKHGLVSRVLWLRQRIWKLVDSSHDO
9,
>@ :HDIILUPWKHGLVWULFWFRXUW¶VRUGHULQSDUWUHYHUVHLQSDUWDQGUHPDQGIRU
SURFHHGLQJVFRQVLVWHQWZLWKWKLVRSLQLRQ
>@ /LVD)DLU0F(YHUV
'DQLHO-&URWKHUV
-HURG(7XIWH
-RQ--HQVHQ
*HUDOG:9DQGH:DOOH&-
2019 ND 214
Chase v. State
Decided August 22, 2019
North Dakota Supreme Court · decided 2019-08-22
Applicant alleging ineffective assistance of post-conviction counsel cannot circumvent the Uniform Postconviction Procedure Act's bar on challenging post-conviction counsel's representation by making his allegations in a motion rather than an application for post-conviction relief. A N.D.R.Civ.P. 60(b)(3) motion alleging fraud by prior post-conviction counsel is without merit because an attorney representing a party is not adverse to the party. Applicant for post-conviction relief is entitled to notice that his application may be summarily dismissed.
Decided 2019-08-22