Gaines v. Kelly’s Empirical Analysis
202 F.3d 598 · 2000
Citation profile
20 federal appellate · 1 district · 7 state decisions
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 2254 (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996) · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on In the Matter of Samuel Winship · Gideon v. Wainwright · Teague v. Lane · Estelle v. McGuire · Holland v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 46 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“because any criminal conviction rendered pursuant to an unconstitutional definition of reasonable doubt is necessarily unfair, ... the rule advanced by Gaines falls within the second exception to the Teague doctrine”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Tillman v. Cook · Leavitt v. Arave“[I]t logically follows [from Sullivan ] that the reasonable doubt rule flowing from Cage plays a pivotal role in ensuring the accuracy of the findings that underlie any criminal conviction rendered by a jury.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Leavitt v. Arave · Leavitt v. Arave“assess only the charge, taken as a whole, in order to determine whether there is a reasonable likelihood that the jury misinterpreted the reasonable doubt instruction.... Here, therefore, we need only decide whether there is a reasonable likelihood that the jury misunderstood the reasonable doubt standard.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.