WINWARD v. Rhodewalt’s Empirical Analysis
1964
Citation profile
3 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 13 later decisions — most recently April 2010
3 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Exner v. Gangewere · 184 Pa. Super. 634 - Stepp v. Renn · Rockwell v. Kaplan · Loper Et Ux. v. P. G. Publishing Co. · Simmons v. Pennsylvania Railroad
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 13 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(1) Conduct of a servant is within the scope of employment if, but only if: (a) it is of the kind he is employed to perform; (b) it occurs substantially within the authorized time and space limits; (c) it is actuated at least in part, by a purpose to serve the master and (d) if force is intentionally used by the servant against another the use of force is not unexpectable by the master .(2) Conduct of a servant is not within the scope of employment if it is different in kind from that authorized, far beyond the authorized time or space limits or too little actuated by a purpose to serve the master.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.