United States v. Butler’s Empirical Analysis
207 F.3d 839 · 2000
Citation profile
55 federal appellate · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 94 later decisions — most recently February 2025 · most notably United States v. Stewart (2002), In Re: Marilyn E. Morris, Debtor. John Poss v. Marilyn E. Morris (2001)
55 federal appellate · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Taylor v. United States · Singleton v. Wulff · Bailey v. United States · Mistretta v. United States · Stinson v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 94 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“If the defendant used or attempted to use [a minor] to commit the offense . . . increase [the defendant's offense level] by 2 levels.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“determining whether a particular offense constitutes a ... “crime of violence” under the Guidelines, [it] employs a categorical approach limited to an examination of the fact of conviction and the statutory definition of the predicate offense. Under this approach, it is not only impermissible, but pointless, for the court to look through to the defendant’s actual criminal conduct. Indeed, the categorical approach eliminates the practical difficulties and potential unfairness of a factual approach to each prior conviction.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“(1) he was at least eighteen when he committed the offense of conviction; (2) the offense of conviction is a felony that is a crime of violence or a controlled substance offense; and (3) the defendant has at least two prior felony convictions for crimes of violence or controlled substance offenses.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.