21 Cal. 3d 888 - Fare v. Tony C.’s Empirical Analysis
1978
Citation profile
13 federal appellate · 714 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 736 later decisions — most recently January 2020 · most notably 29 Cal. 3d 591 - People v. Leyba (1981), 8 Cal. 4th 137 - People v. Turner (1994)
13 federal appellate · 714 state decisions — followed in 16 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Terry v. Ohio · Brinegar v. United States · United States v. Brignoni-Ponce · Elkins v. United States · Olmstead v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 736 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“to justify an investigative stop or detention the circumstances known or apparent to the officer must include specific and articulable facts causing him to suspect that (1) some activity relating to crime has taken place or is occurring or about to occur, and (2) the person he intends to stop or detain is involved in that activity. Not only must he subjectively entertain such a suspicion, but it must be objectively reasonable for him to do so: the facts must be such as would cause any reasonable police officer in a like position, drawing when appropriate on his training and experience [citation omitted], to suspect the same criminal activity and the same involvement by the person in question.”
16 later decisions quote this exact passage“The possibility of an innocent explanation does not deprive the officer of the capacity to entertain a reasonable suspicion of criminal conduct.”
16 later decisions quote this exact passagee.g. State v. Bridge · People v. Davis“the reasonableness in all the circumstances of the particular governmental invasion of a citizen's personal security.”
7 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.