United States v. Nichols’s Empirical Analysis
21 F.3d 1016 · 1994
Citation profile
36 federal appellate · 2 district · 4 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 59 later decisions — most recently September 2021 · most notably United States v. McVeigh (1998), United States v. Childress (1995)
36 federal appellate · 2 district · 4 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 3006A (Criminal Justice Act) · 18 U.S.C. § 922 (Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act) · 28 U.S.C. § 1291
Relies on United States v. Young · Cox v. State of Louisiana · Joseph Skilken & Co. v. City of Toledo · Sea-Land Service, Inc. v. Federal Maritime Commission · Raley v. Ohio
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 59 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“In requesting a court appointed expert, the burden is on the defendant to show that such services are necessary to an adequate defense.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“reasonable in light of the identity of the agent, the point of law misrepresented, and the substance of the misrepresentation.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“The defense of entrapment by estoppel is implicated where an agent of the government affirmatively misleads a party as to the state of the law and that party proceeds to act on the misrepresentation so that criminal prosecution of the actor implicates due process concerns under the Fifth and Fourteenth amendments. There must be an “active misleading” by the government agent, and actual reliance by the defendant. Further, the defendant’s reliance must be reasonable in light of the identity of the agent, the point of law misrepresented, and the substance of the misrepresentation.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.