Clark v. Calhoun County’s Empirical Analysis
21 F.3d 92 · 1994
Citation profile
21 federal appellate · 2 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 54 later decisions — most recently September 2019 · most notably Sanchez v. State of Colorado (1996), Harvell v. Blytheville School District # 5 (1995)
21 federal appellate · 2 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1973 (§ 2 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965)
Relies on Thornburg v. Gingles · Shaw v. Reno · Johnson v. Mississippi · Fort Wayne Books, Inc. v. Indiana · Growe v. Emison
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 54 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“This court is unable to discharge our appellate function in voting rights cases without more guidance by the trial court concerning its credibility choices on the welter of evidence before 6 See also Clark, 21 F.3d at 96 ("The district court, of course, is not obliged to accept plaintiffs' statistical evidence as conclusive on the question of whether racially polarized voting exists in [the county]. . . . However, when the statistics are the principal evidence offered by plaintiffs and when the statistics have at least surface plausibility, the district court must ensure that it thoroughly discusses its reasons for rejecting that evidence.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[Pjlaintiff’s proposed district is not cast in stone. It was simply presented to demonstrate that a majority-black district is feasible in Calhoun County. If a Section 2 violation is found, the county will be given the first opportunity to develop a remedial plan.”): Bone Shirt, 461 F.3d at 1419 (”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“'it will be only the very unusual case in which the plaintiffs can establish the existence of the three Gingles factors but still have failed to establish a violation of § 2 under the totality of circumstances.'”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.