21 Ohio App. 3d 222 - Spicer v. James’s Empirical Analysis
1985
Citation profile
41 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 47 later decisions — most recently January 2026 · most notably 106 Ohio App. 3d 122 - Moneywatch Companies v. Wilbers (1995), 101 Ohio App. 3d 194 - Marhofer v. Baur (1995)
41 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Seasons Coal Co. v. City of Cleveland · 46 Ohio App. 2d 137 - Centennial Ins. v. Vic Tanny International of Toledo, Inc. · Tapscott v. Williams
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 47 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“the form of the promise and the form of the signature.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage“[I]f a corporate officer executes an agreement in a way that indicates personal liability, then that officer is personally liable regardless of his intention.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“[g]enerally an obligation entered into by more than one person is presumed to be joint, and several responsibility will not arise except by words of severance,”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.