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21 S.D. 469

State v. Jones

South Dakota Supreme Court

Decided November 11, 1907

South Dakota Supreme Court · decided 1907-11-11

<p>Under the statute providing that the failure of the accused to testify shall not create any presumption against him, a conviction will he reversed where in a case in which the accused did not testify the state’s attorney stated to the jury that certain testimony, “has not been denied by the defendant.”</p>

Key passage — most relied on by later courts

“'and it has not been denied by the defendant.'”

quoted by 1 later decision, including State v. Schimkat

Relies on State v. Garrington · State v. Williams · State v. Bennett

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Reversed, and a new trial ordered · Decided 1907-11-11

How this case has been cited

Cited by 5 later decisions — most recently June 1972

5 state decisions

2019071910192019301940195019601970decided

Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.

View the full empirical analysis of this case →

FULLER, P. J.

¶1Plaintiff in error was tried and found guilty of the crime of embezzlement as alleged in a valid' indictment returned by a legally constituted grand jury of Beadle county. It was charged therein, and the evidence properly introduced at the trial tended to show, that as the authorized agent of the John Gund *470Brewing Company for the collection of its bills due and payable he received a certain check for $76.80 belonging to his corporate employer, which in violation of his trust lie deposited to his own credit in the First National Bank of Huron, and fraululently appropriated the proceeds thereof in the manner and under circumstances that constitute the crime of embezzlement as defined by section 622 of the Revised Penal Code.

¶2As the accused did not avail himself of the statutory privilege to become a witness at the trial the deputy state’s attorney in making the opening argument in behalf of the prosecution stated to the jury, at the conclusion of all the evidence, that “Mr. Miller testified that this check was deposited to the credit of the personal account of Howard A. Jones in the First National Bank, and it has not been denied by the defendant.” Now, the statute giving any person charged with the commission of a public offense the right to testify at his own request, but not otherwise, expressly provides that his failure to make such request shall not create any presumption against him, and it has. been uniformly held reversible error for the prosecution, or even the court, to call the attention of the jury in any manner to the fact that the accused has not testified. State v. Williams, 11 S. D. 64, 75 N. W. 815; State v. Carrington, 11 S. D. 178, 76 N. W. 326; State v. Bennett, 21 S. D. 396, 113 N. W. 78. By the u'se of a direct and well-phrased statement opportunely uttered, and relating to the failure of the accused to take the stand and deny the act relied upon for his conviction, the personal privilege to¡ stand on the legal presumption of innocence was invaded, and the jury prejudiced to an extent that requires the granting of a new trial for the reasons elucidated in the above cited decisions of this court.

¶3Being convinced that the objections relating to the grand jury and the legal sufficiency of the indictment are not available, and that we have noticed the only reversible error of law likely to arise on a retrial, it is needless to discuss other points urged in the brief of counsel for the accused.

¶4The judgment of the circuit court is reversed, and a new trial ordered.

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