Fleckner v. President Directors and Company of the Bank of the United States’s Empirical Analysis
21 U.S. 338 · 1823
Citation profile
30 federal appellate · 9 district · 56 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 155 later decisions (19 by the Supreme Court) — most recently December 2001 · most notably Osborn v. President Directors and Company of the Bank of the United States (1824), Richmond v. Irons (1887)
30 federal appellate · 9 district · 56 state decisions — followed in 26 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Merchants' Bank v. State Bank · Mechanics' Bank of Alexandria v. The Bank of Columbia · Stackpole v. Arnold · Bank of Columbia v. Patterson's
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 155 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Its ordinary .sense, as given by lexicographers, is to clear away,, to, lessen debt, and, in common parlance, especially among merchants, to liquidate the balance is to pay it.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority““The cashier is usually intrusted with all the funds of the bank, in cash, notes, bills, etc., to be used, from time to time, for the ordinary and extraordinary exigencies of the bank. He receives, directly, or through the subordinate officers, all moneys and notes. He delivers up all discounted notes, and other property, when payments have been duly made. He draws cheeks, from time to time, for moneys, wherever the bank has deposits. In short, he is considered the executive officer, through whom, and by whom, the whole moneyed operations of the bank, in paying or receiving debts, or discharging or transferring securities, are to be conducted.””
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority““Nothing can be clearer than that by the language of the commercial world, and the settled practice ol' banks, a discount by a bank means, ex vi termini, a deduction or drawback made upon its advances or loans of money upon negotiable paper, or other evidences of debt, payable at a future day, which are transferred to the bank.””
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.