Freese v. Lemmon’s Empirical Analysis
1973
Citation profile
2 federal appellate · 1 district · 27 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 35 later decisions — most recently May 2003 · most notably 17 Cal. 3d 425 - Tarasoff v. Regents of University of California (1976), 117 Ill. 2d 507 - Kirk v. Michael Reese Hospital & Medical Center (1987)
2 federal appellate · 1 district · 27 state decisions — followed in 17 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Ultramares Corp. v. Touche · Glanzer v. . Shepard · 49 Cal. 2d 647 - Biakanja v. Irving · 19 Cal. App. 3d 769 - Donald v. Garry · Ryan v. Kanne
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 35 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(1) One who negligently gives false information to another is subject to liability for physical harm caused by action taken by the other in reasonable reliance upon such information, where such harm results (a) to the other, or (b) to such third persons as the actor should expect to be put in peril by the action taken. (2) Such negligence may consist of failure to exercise reasonable care (a) in ascertaining the accuracy of the information, or (b) in the manner in which it is communicated.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passagee.g. Kolbe v. State · Schmidt v. Mahoney““Every defense in law or fact to any pleading must be asserted in the pleading responsive thereto, if one is required, or if none is required, then at the trial, except that: U ⅛ * * “(b) Failure to state a claim on which any relief can be granted, may be raised by motion to dismiss such claim, filed before answer. O ‡ * * “(d) Such motions must specify wherein the pleading they attack is claimed to be insufficient.””
1 later decision quote this exact passage“public policy considerations make such an imposition of limitless liability indefensible.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.