Hughes v. State’s Empirical Analysis
1937
Citation profile
3 federal appellate · 20 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 23 later decisions — most recently October 1999
3 federal appellate · 20 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Clem v. State · Smith v. State · State v. Miller · Martin v. State · Woodford v. . People of the State of N.Y.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 23 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““In this case the defendant claims that the acts charged against him were committed in self-defense and therefore, that the injury to the victim was justified. The general doctrine of self-defense may be defined as follows: One who is without fault and is at a place where he has a right to be so far as his assailant is concerned, and is assaulted may, without retreating, repel force with force. He need not believe that his safety requires him to injure his adversary in order to give him the right to use force for that purpose. When from the acts of his assailant, he believes or has reasonable grounds to' believe that he is in danger of receiving great bodily harm, the right to defend himself from danger or apprehended danger may be exercised by him, and he may use it to any extent which is reasonably necessary. If his assailant is injured as the result of the reasonable defense of himself, he is excusable and not guilty of a criminal offense. The questions concerning the existence of such danger, the necessity or apparent necessity of using force as well as the amount of force necessary to repel the attack, can be determined only from the standpoint of the party assaulted at the time and under all existing circumstances. In the exercise of self-defense the party assaulted ordinarily is required to act immediately, without time to deliberate and investigate. In such circumstances the danger which exists only in appearance is to him as real and imminent as if it were actual. Th”
1 later decision quote this exact passage““It is not necessary that a person be violently assaulted, or assaulted at all, before he has the right-to defend himself. A person has a right to act on appearance, and if he believes in good faith, and upon reasonable grounds, from the facts and circumstances as they appear to him at the time, that he is about to be assaulted, he has a right, if it seems reasonably necessary to him at the time, to use such force as will protect him from the assault.” 212 Ind. 577, 585-6 , 10 N.E.2d 629, 633 .”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“In Cfem[], it is held that, if a person assaults and kills two persons with a single shot, or with a single blow of an instrument, so that the injury to both results from one indivisible act, it is one offense against the State, and a conviction of having murdered one will bar a prosecution for the murder of the other.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Richardson v. State
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.