Commonwealth v. Howard’s Empirical Analysis
1968
Citation profile
11 federal appellate · 7 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 18 later decisions — most recently May 1981
11 federal appellate · 7 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Commonwealth ex rel. Fox v. Maroney · Springer v. Allegheny County · 128 Pa. Super. 185 - Wright Et Ux. v. Scranton · Commonwealth v. Harris · Reed v. Kinnik
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 18 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“We do not interpret Rule 323 as a directive to conduct `Jackson' hearings behind doors closed to the general public, particularly in light of (c) (1) of that rule which provides that the court may fix such hearings `at trial.' Admittedly such hearings are to be conducted out of the hearing of a jury, and with caution in preventing prejudice to a defendant from what might be said there. However, we cannot find any prejudice to this appellant by the presence of such spectators at this mid-trial hearing that would warrant the grant of a new trial.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“(f) The hearing, either before or at trial, shall be held, upon the request of the defendant or his attorney or by the judge on his own motion, in the presence of only the defendant, counsel for the parties, court officers and necessary witnesses. In any event, the hearing shall be held outside the hearing and presence of the jury.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.