Public-domain · open source
OpenJurist
← 22 MASSAPPCT 921 - Commonwealth v. Hakala

Commonwealth v. Hakala’s Empirical Analysis

1986

Citation profile

7
cited by 7 later decisions
1
states following
January 2019
most recently cited

7 state decisions

How this case has been cited

Cited by 7 later decisions — most recently January 2019

7 state decisions

201986199020002010decided

Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.

Relationships

Relies on Commonwealth v. Freeman · Commonwealth v. Lowe · Commonwealth v. Palmariello · Commonwealth v. Martin · Commonwealth v. Sullivan

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 7 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

  1. “a person must, before resorting to deadly force to defend himself or another, take advantage of all proper and reasonable means to avoid the use of deadly force.”
    1 later decision quote this exact passage
  2. “[i]f words would avert that occasion, they should be used; the permissible use of force scaling up to deadly force follows a rule of reason.”
    1 later decision quote this exact passage
  3. “The test . . . is reasonableness under all the circumstances.”
    1 later decision quote this exact passage

How this case has been treated — in progress

Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.