22 Wash. App. 136 - Leighton v. Leonard’s Empirical Analysis
1979
Citation profile
3 federal appellate · 30 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 36 later decisions — most recently April 2014 · most notably 125 Wash. 2d 337 - Mt. Park Homeowners Ass'n, Inc. v. Tydings (1994), Hollis v. Garwall, Inc. (1999)
3 federal appellate · 30 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on 54 Wash. 2d 570 - Thorndike v. Hesperian Orchards, Inc. · 65 Wash. 2d 619 - Burton v. Douglas County · 56 Wash. 2d 230 - Strong v. Clark · 48 Wash. 2d 565 - Rodruck v. Sand Point Maintenance Commission · Johnson v. Mt. Baker Park Presbyterian Church
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 36 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(1) [T]he covenants must have been enforceable between the original parties . . .; (2) the covenant must "touch and concern" both the land to be benefitted and the land to be burdened; (3) the covenanting parties must have intended to bind their successors in interest; (4) there must be vertical privity of estate, i.e., privity between the original parties to the covenant and the present disputants; and (5) there must be horizontal privity of estate, or privity between the original parties.”
7 later decisions quote this exact passage“[a]s public restrictions, in the form of zoning, have gained favor, so have private restrictions.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.