Sinclair Refining Co. v. Howell’s Empirical Analysis
222 F.2d 637 · 1955
Citation profile
15 federal appellate · 1 district · 4 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 31 later decisions — most recently November 2021 · most notably Turner v. Willis (1978), Lipton Industries, Inc. v. Ralston Purina Co. (1982)
15 federal appellate · 1 district · 4 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Whiteman v. Pitrie · Montgomery Light Water Power Co. v. Thombs · Steagall v. Sloss-Sheffield Steel & Iron Co. · Richmond & Danville Railroad v. Freeman · De Arman v. Ingalls Iron Works Co.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 31 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Averments in a pleading to which a responsive pleading is required ... are admitted when not denied in the responsive pleading.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“As the wording of the statute [Alabama Homicide Act] indicates, the amount rests largely in the sound discretion of the jury. The damages are entirely punitive, imposed for the preservation of human life, and measured by reference to the quality of the wrongful act and the degree of culpability. Richmond & D.R. Co. v. Freeman, 97 Ala. 289 , 11 So. 800 , 801. The $80,000 verdict in this case is more than has ordinarily been approved by the Alabama Supreme Court even for wanton misconduct (emphasis supplied).”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“The third sentence of subdivision (b) [Rule 8] epitomizes the objective: “Denials shall fairly meet the substance of the averments denied.” It follows that denials must not be evasive.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.