Gifford v. Wichita Falls & Southern Railway Co.’s Empirical Analysis
224 F.2d 374 · 1955
Citation profile
20 federal appellate · 3 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 35 later decisions — most recently January 2013 · most notably Clark v. Universal Builders, Inc. (1974), 216 F. Supp. 709 - United States v. United Air Lines, Inc. (1962)
20 federal appellate · 3 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 45 U.S.C. § 51
Relies on Erie Co v. Tompkins · Tozer v. Charles A. Krause Milling Co. · United States v. A. H. Fischer Lumber Co. · Copeland Motor Co. v. General Motors Corp. · Grandey v. Pacific Indemnity Co.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 35 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The test should be whether, on the basis of an objective standard, it is reasonable to conclude that the plaintiff had in mind a particular entity or person, merely made a mistake as to the name, and actually served the entity or person intended; or whether plaintiff actually meant to serve and sue a different person.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Goodrich v. England““Drawn to give effect to the principle that cases should, as far as possible, be determined on their merits and not on technicalities, the courts have given Rule 15 not lip service merely but full fealty.””
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.