Taylor v. Howe’s Empirical Analysis
225 F.3d 993 · 2000
Citation profile
5 federal appellate ·
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1971 (Civil Rights Act of 1957) · 42 U.S.C. § 1973 (§ 2 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965) · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Anderson v. City of Bessemer City · United States v. United States Gypsum Co. · Carey v. Piphus · California State Board of Equalization v. Western Marina Corp. · Contemporary Mission, Inc. v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 7 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“It will be for the District Court, in the first instance, to fix the appropriate amount of damages. At least nominal damages must be awarded. In addition, persons whose right to vote was denied altogether should be entitled to more than nominal damages. Moreover, humiliation, embarrassment, and mental anguish are compensable. See Carey v. Piphus, 435 U.S. 247 , 264-65 n. 22, 98 S.Ct. 1042 , 55 L.Ed.2d 252 (1978); Wayne v. Venable, 260 F. 64 (8th Cir.1919). See also Ashby v. White, 1 Bro. P.C. 62, 1 Eng.Rep. 417 (H.L. 1703), cited by the Supreme Court in Carey , apparently with approval. Punitive damages may also be considered. The violations of law were intentional. Qualified immunity will not be a defense. The right to be free from racial discrimination in matters of voting has long been clearly established.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.