State v. Johnson’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

19 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 19 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “(1) a grave offense is involved; (2) the suspect is reasonably believed to be armed; (3) there is probable cause to believe the suspect committed the crime; (4) there is strong reason to believe he is on the premises; (5) there is a strong likelihood of escape if not apprehended; and (6) the entry, though not . . . consented to, is peaceable.”

   3 later decisions quote this exact passage
   e.g. State v. Mayes · State v. Jones

2. ““The following appears in Skinner [United States v. Skinner, 412 F.2d 98 (8 Cir. 1969)], where it was claimed a search was not incidental to an arrest because it was allegedly made several minutes before the defendant was formally taken into custody: “ ‘The government contends that the police officer had probable cause to arrest the defendant and the fact that the search may have preceded the formal arrest by a few moments is irrelevant. We believe its position is a sound one. “ ‘The search is valid whether it took place moments before or moments after the arresting officer took the suspect into actual custody or announced his intention of doing so. * * * ’ “A similar statement may be found in United States v. Clemons, 503 F.2d 486, 488 (8th Cir. 1974). The standards by which a search and seizure are to be measured cannot be couched in fixed and inflexible terms. Each case must be decided on its own facts and circumstances. * * * [citing authority].””

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage
   e.g. State v. Harvey · State v. Beatty

3. “[W]e hold the entry was legal under the circumstances presented by this record whether the arrest was made when defendant first appeared at the door of his home or later within the house itself. We do not deem the few intervening minutes to be of material significance. Rather, we consider the events beginning with the demand that defendant surrender and terminating when he was taken into custody to be a continuing procedure which, taken in its entirety, constituted a valid arrest. Although defendant’s liberty was restricted as soon as he answered the officer’s call and the arrest might be considered complete then, such questions are not determined with stop-watch precision. (Citations omitted).”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. State v. Sanders