State v. Munoz’s Empirical Analysis
1995
Citation profile
6 federal appellate · 140 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 146 later decisions — most recently March 2020 · most notably State v. Crespo (1998), State v. Clark (2001)
6 federal appellate · 140 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 1827
Relies on Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · Ohio v. Roberts · State v. Golding · Santoni v. United States · Local 408, International Brotherhood of Teamsters v. National Labor Relations Board
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 146 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“proof of probable cause requires less than proof by a preponderance of the evidence.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“The doctrine of intervening cause, which has deep roots in the law of proximate cause, both criminaland civil . . . refers to a situation in which the defendant's conduct is a `but for' cause, or cause in fact, of the victim's injury, but nonetheless some other circumstance subsequently occurs -the source of which may be an act of the victim, the act of some other person, or some nonhuman force -that does more than supply a concurring or contributing cause of the injury, but is unforeseeable and sufficiently powerful in its effect that it serves to relieve the defendant of criminal responsibility for his conduct.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right ... to be confronted with the witnesses against him ....”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.