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234 F. Supp. 602

Isbell v. Osgood

U.S. District Court

Decided October 20, 1964

U.S. District Court · decided 1964-10-20

Key passage — most relied on by later courts

““[6] To our mind, the statute is clear and unequivocal in providing that the 20 days is to run from the receipt by the defendant, through service or otherwise, of a copy of the initial pleading. It does not say that the period is to run from ‘service’ on the defendant, or from ‘notice’ to the defendant, or from service on the defendant ‘or his statutory agent.’ We believe that when the statute provides that the 20 days are to run from the receipt of a copy of the pleading by the defendant it means just that and we can see no reason for holding otherwise. Receipt by the statutory agent is not receipt by the defendant by any stretch of the judicial imagination. It is the defendant, and not the Secretary of the State of Missouri, who has to decide within the prescribed time whether he desires and has grounds for removal. We, therefore, can only conclude that the 20-day period prescribed by Section 1446(b) runs from actual receipt of the initial pleading by a non-resident motorist, and not from time of service on the Secretary of State who is a mere statutory agent with no duty to perform with respect to service upon him, other than to forward the process to the non-resident defendant.””

quoted by 1 later decision, including Barber v. Willis

Applies 28 U.S.C. § 1446

Relies on H. B. Ardison and Johnnie Wilson v. Usbaldo O. Villa · 131 F. Supp. 564 - Mahony v. Witt Ice and Gas Company · 223 F. Supp. 669 - Benson v. Bradley

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Decided 1964-10-20

How this case has been cited

Cited by 5 later decisions — most recently April 2002

2019641970198019902000decided

Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.

View the full empirical analysis of this case →

BOHANON, District Judge.

¶1This is a diversity action involving an automobile accident removed from the District Court of Pittsburg County, Oklahoma. The plaintiff was and is a citizen of the State of Oklahoma, and the de-fendant a citizen of the State of Illinois.. Service of process on the defendant was had by serving the Secretary of State of Oklahoma under the provisions of the-. Non-Resident Motorist Act of the State, Title 47 O.S. § 391 et seq. The Oklahoma Act makes the Secretary of Statefe lawful attorney for non-resident motansts> and upon whom may be f rved a11 f mmons+ original notices of suits Pftai“n5 actions, Ju The Act further provides, Title 47, § 394, or ,tha the defendant or deff dants Wlthm days after filing or notice with the Secretary of State by registered mail with return receipt requested, at his last known place of residence or abode, a notification of said filing with the Secretary of State,

¶2Proper service was had upon the defendant under the Oklahoma Statutes, The precise question before this Court is when does the twenty-day period begin to run for removal by the non-resident defendant under 28 U.S.C.A. § 1446(b). If the twenty days begins to run from the date of service upon the Secretary of State of original summons, then the time for removal had expired. On the other hand, if the twenty days began to run from the date after receipt by the defendant, through service or otherwise, of a copy of the original pleading setting' forth the claim for relief upon which such action or proceeding is based, or within twenty days after actual receipt, of the summons or notice of suit upon the defendant, if such initial pleading has-been filed in Court and is not required to-be served on the defendant by State law, whichever period is shorter.

¶3In this case; suit; was filed in the District Court of Pittsburg County on August 18, 1964. Notice of the suit as provided by the Oklahoma statute was served upon the Secretary of State August 19, 1964, and accepted by the Secretary of State. The plaintiff, as required by the Oklahoma law, mailed notice of suit by registered mail, addressed to the defend*603ant at his last known place of residence or abode. This notice was mailed from McAlester, Oklahoma, the County Seat of Pittsburg County, on August 20,1964, as ■shown by Exhibit A attached to defendant’s Brief in response to plaintiff’s Mofion to Remand. Exhibit A is a photocopy of the envelope of plaintiff’s attorneys and reflects that it was mailed to the defendant at 425 West Madison Avenue, Wheaton, Illinois, which it is evidently admitted was his regular place of abode or residence. The envelope shows that notice of suit was received and accepted by the defendant September 14, 1964. Attached to plaintiff’s Motion to Remand is part of a post office form which recites “delivery on 8/22/64” to the (defendant. The return receipt shows it was mailed by the postal department from Dallas, Texas, on September 14, 1964. The record conclusively shows from the envelope, Exhibit A attached to defendant's Motion, that the notice of suit was not delivered to the defendant on 8/22/64. The envelope shows that the first notice was delivered to defendant’s home on that date and a second notice delivered to defendant’s home on ,8/26/64. Thereafter the notice was sent to Dallas, Texas, and the return receipt from Dallas, Texas, shows that it was returned to plaintiff’s attorneys September 14,1964. Thus the defendant having received the notice September 14, 1964, as this Court holds, had twenty days thereafter to perfect removal proceedings, and these proceedings were perfected and filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Oklahoma, the proper Court, on October 1, 1964, less than the twenty days required under 28 U.S.C.A. § 1446(b).

¶4This construction of 28 U.S.C.A. § 1446 (b) is in harmony with most of the adjudicated cases. There existed some confusion by the decisions arising in Missouri. See Bohn v. Lester, D.C., 102 F.Supp. 261, and Heston v. Horton, D.C., 115 F.Supp. 13. However, the earlier decision in Welker v. Hefner, D.C., 97 F.Supp. 630, supporting removal time to commence upon the actual receipt by the defendant of the notice of suit, was readopted, and Bohn and Heston were put to rest by Mahony v. Witt Ice and Gas Company, D.C., 131 F.Supp. 564, and Barr v. Hunter, D.C., 209 F.Supp. 476. Mahony was cited with approval in Ardison v. Villa (10 Cir.), 248 F.2d 226. See also Benson v. Bradley (D.C.Minn.), 223 F.Supp. 669.

¶5The Motion of the plaintiff to Remand will be denied.

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