Hoke v. Commonwealth’s Empirical Analysis
1989
Citation profile
6 federal appellate · 74 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 97 later decisions (2 by the Supreme Court) — most recently October 2018 · most notably Travaglia v. Pennsylvania (1989), Riner v. Com. (2004)
6 federal appellate · 74 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Scharffe v. Perkins · Bankers Life & Casualty Co. v. Crenshaw · Edmonds v. Virginia · Smith v. Commonwealth · Stamper v. Commonwealth
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 97 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“separate and apart from, and not merely incidental to, the restraint employed in the commission of the other crime[s]”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“In the present case, Stell’s wrists and ankles were bound securely with ligatures, her mouth was gagged tightly, and she was detained for a lengthy period. Applying the Brown rule to these facts, we conclude that Stell’s detention was greater than ‘the kind of restraint that is inherent in the act of rape,’ or in the commission of robbery. Thus, we hold that the evidence supports the jury’s finding that Hoke killed Stell in the commission of abduction.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“outrageously or wantonly vile, horrible or inhuman in that it involved torture or depravity of mind or aggravated battery to the victim,”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.