Johnson v. State’s Empirical Analysis
1976
Citation profile
630 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 633 later decisions — most recently February 2023 · most notably Williams v. State (1983), Felker v. State (1984)
630 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Schneble v. Florida · Mitchum v. State · Hall v. State
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 633 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“highly probable that the error did not contribute to the judgment.”
7 later decisions quote this exact passage“The highly probable test avoids the evils of inadequate or excessive stringency by making affirmance conditional on high probability that error did not affect the judgment. The test compels a judge to go beyond a first glance for affirmance or a fleeting glimpse for reversal. It compels him to exercise his mind in the exercise of his discretion, to go beyond the appearances of the result to an examination of what causal links there may be between error and the judgment. It keeps judicial discretion within the ample bounds of reason. It can greatly improve the net worth of the judicial process as it thus holds down excesses either of affirmance that recklessly dampens assurance of a fair day in court or of reversal that needlessly calls for still another fair day at the expense of litigants who are still awaiting their first day in court.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage“highly probable that the error did not contribute to the jury's verdict,”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.