Simmons v. Commonwealth’s Empirical Analysis
1989
Citation profile
113 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 114 later decisions — most recently March 2019 · most notably People v. Alvarez (1996), Jackson v. Commonwealth (2004)
113 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Coolidge v. New Hampshire · Delaware v. Prouse · Sedillo v. United States · Brown v. Texas · United States v. Martinez-Fuerte
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 114 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[T]he legitimacy of a [checkpoint] is determined by weighing the state's interests in establishing the [checkpoint] against the potential intrusions on personal privacy. To avoid constitutionally impermissible infringements on privacy, [a checkpoint] must be carried out pursuant to a plan or practice which is explicit, contains neutral criteria, and limits the conduct of the officers undertaking the [checkpoint]. Such a plan serves to insure that one's "reasonable expectation of privacy is not subject to arbitrary invasions solely at the unfettered discretion of officers in the field."”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage“The evidence in this case establishes that the decision to establish the [checkpoint] as well as its location and duration was solely within the discretion of the troopers. No advance approval or authorization from any supervisor or superior officer was required to set up the [checkpoint]. A statement that the troopers followed standard operating procedure... is not sufficient to establish that an explicit plan or practice existed regarding... check point procedures.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage“Balancing the State's strong interest in protecting the public from the grave risk presented by drunk drivers, against the minimal inconvenience caused motorists approaching the roadblock, we hold that the action of the police in this case was not an impermissible infringement upon defendant's reasonable expectation of privacy. The Charlottesville system is safe and objective in its operation, employs neutral criteria, and does not involve standardless, unbridled discretion by the police officer in the field, which was condemned in Prouse.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.