Chotkowski v. State’s Empirical Analysis
1997
Citation profile
3 federal appellate · 16 district · 168 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 189 later decisions — most recently August 2025 · most notably Wellington Systems, Inc. v. Redding Group, Inc. (1998), State v. Angel C. (1998)
3 federal appellate · 16 district · 168 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on William Marbury v. James Madison · United States v. Larionoff · Mann v. Koob · National Railroad Passenger Corp. v. Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway Co. · D'Ulisse-Cupo v. Board of Directors of Notre Dame High School
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 189 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“It is fundamental that a person who claims an estoppel must show that he has exercised due diligence to know the truth, and that he not only did not know the true state of things but also lacked any reasonably available means of acquiring knowledge.”
15 later decisions quote this exact passage“[A] claim of breach of an implied contract could be read to allege failure to perform duties imposed either by a contract implied in fact or a contract implied in law. . . . A contract implied in fact, like an express contract, depends on actual agreement . . . [and a] contract implied in law requires, as a foundation, that there be an obligation created by law that imposes a duty to perform.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage“sole objective of the General Assembly is to grant personal gain or advantage to an individual.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.