247 N.C. App. 412 - State v. Bullock’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

9 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 9 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “[U]nder Rodriguez , even a de minimis extension is too long if it prolongs the stop beyond the time necessary to complete the mission.”

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. State v. Rojas · 251 N.C. App. 297 - State v. Miller

2. “'ordinary inquiries incident to [the traffic] stop' " and taking certain precautionary safety measures. Id. (citation omitted). The facts in Bullock showed that the officer who initiated the traffic stop was an experienced police officer specially trained in drug interdiction. It was undisputed that the officer had reasonable suspicion to stop the defendant based on multiple traffic violations. After initiating the traffic stop, the officer asked to see the defendant's driver's license and registration. The defendant provided a driver's license, but indicated the vehicle was a rental car. The rental car agreement showed the car had been rented in another person's name, and the defendant "was not listed as an authorized driver on the rental agreement.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. 259 N.C. App. 650 - State v. Cox

3. “Officer McDonough completed the mission of the traffic stop when he told defendant that he was giving defendant a warning for the traffic violations as they were standing at the rear of defendant's car.... Officer McDonough was still permitted to check defendant's license and check for outstanding warrants . But, he was not allowed to do so in a way that prolong[ed] the stop , absent the reasonable suspicion ordinarily demanded to justify detaining an individual.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. 251 N.C. App. 829 - State v. Downey