25 Cal. 3d 406 - Edwards v. Steele’s Empirical Analysis
1979
Citation profile
156 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 156 later decisions — most recently January 2017 · most notably 10 Cal. 4th 1133 - California Correctional Peace Officers Ass'n. v. State Personnel Board (1995), 42 Cal. 4th 91 - People v. Allen (2007)
156 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on 18 Cal. 3d 901 - Morris v. County of Marin · 13 Cal. 3d 898 - City and County of San Francisco v. Cooper · 20 Cal. 3d 251 - Vella v. Hudgins · 66 Cal. 2d 34 - Russian Hill Improvement Ass'n v. Board of Permit Appeals · 29 Cal. 2d 258 - Pulcifer v. County of Alameda
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 156 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“deemed merely directory `unless a consequence or penalty is provided for failure to do the act within the time commanded.'”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage“`In some cases focus has been directed at the likely consequences of holding a particular [duty] mandatory, in an attempt to ascertain whether those consequences would defeat or promote the purpose of the enactment. [Citations.] Other cases have suggested that a [duty] is deemed merely directory "unless a consequence or penalty is provided for failure to do the act. . . .”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“If the failure to comply with a particular procedural step does not invalidate the action ultimately taken ... the procedural requirement is referred to as 'directory.' If, on the other hand, it is concluded that noncompliance does invalidate subsequent action, the requirement is deemed 'mandatory.' [Citation.]”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.