United States v. Hightower’s Empirical Analysis
25 F.3d 182 · 1994
Citation profile
24 federal appellate · 1 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 37 later decisions — most recently May 2023 · most notably United States v. Kennedy (1994), United States v. Bertoli (1994)
24 federal appellate · 1 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 3553 · 18 U.S.C. § 371 · 18 U.S.C. § 3742 · 18 U.S.C. § 922 (Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act) · 18 U.S.C. § 924 · 21 U.S.C. § 841 (§ 401 of the Controlled Substances Act) · 21 U.S.C. § 846 (§ 406 of the Controlled Substances Act) · 21 U.S.C. § 952
Relies on Stinson v. United States · Lane v. Peterson · Tristani v. Eastern Air Lines, Inc. · Watson v. United States · Adair v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 37 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The [Sentencing] Commission shall assure that the guidelines specify a sentence to a term of imprisonment at or near the maximum term authorized for categories of defendants in which the defendant is eighteen years old or older and— (1) has been convicted of a felony that is— * * Hi * * * (B) an offense described in ... 21 U.S.C. 841 ...; and (2) has previously been convicted of two or more prior felonies, each of which is— * * * * * * (B) an offense described in ... 21 U.S.C. 841....”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“means an offense under a federal or state law prohibiting the manufacture, import, export, distribution, or dispensing of a controlled substance (or a counterfeit substance) or the possession of a controlled substance (or a counterfeit substance) with intent to manufacture, import, export, distribute, or dispense. The Commentary to § 4B1.2 explains that”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“does not define the only crimes for which the commission may specify a sentence at or near the maximum; it merely declares that the enumerated crimes must be so treated.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.