Burnap v. United States’s Empirical Analysis
252 U.S. 512 · 1920
Citation profile
48 federal appellate · 24 district · 42 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 213 later decisions (19 by the Supreme Court) — most recently October 2022 · most notably Freytag v. Commissioner (1991), Myers v. United States (1926)
48 federal appellate · 24 district · 42 state decisions — followed in 18 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedBurnap v. United States
Relationships
Relies on United States v. Hartwell · Keim v. United States · United States v. Germaine · United States v. Moore · Ex parte Hennen
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 213 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““ * * * The distinction between officer and employee in this connection does not rest upon differences in the qualifications necessary to fill the positions or in the character of the service to be performed. Whether the incumbent is an officer or an employee is determined by the manner in which Congress has specifically provided for the creation of the several positions, their duties and appointment thereto.””
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority““ * * * the Congress may by Law vest the Appointment of such inferior Officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the Courts of Law, or in the Heads of Departments.””
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Whether the incumbent is an officer or an employee is determined by the manner in which Congress has specifically provided for the creation of the several positions, their duties and appointment thereto.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.