Hammond v. State’s Empirical Analysis
1973
Citation profile
2 federal appellate · 4 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 7 later decisions — most recently February 2001
2 federal appellate · 4 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Chaplinsky v. State of New Hampshire · Gooding v. Wilson · Schenck v. United States · Whitney v. People of State of California · Lucas v. State
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 7 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“that vile or abusive language which arouses anger to the extent likely to cause retaliation fighting words . . . .”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“If any person shall make use of any profane, violent, vulgar, abusive or insulting language toward or about any other person in his presence or hearing, which language in its common acceptation is calculated to arouse to anger the person about or to whom it is spoken or addressed, or to cause a breach of the peace or an assault, shall be deemed guilty of a breach of the peace. . . .”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Shoemaker v. State
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.