Berger v. United States’s Empirical Analysis
255 U.S. 22 · 1921
Citation profile
598 federal appellate · 166 district · 228 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 1,537 later decisions (8 by the Supreme Court) — most recently August 2023 · most notably Liteky et al United States (1994), United States v. Grinnell Corp. (1966)
598 federal appellate · 166 district · 228 state decisions — followed in 34 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedthe decision below (from Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Relies on Ex parte American Steel Barrel Co. · Glasgow v. Moyer · Henry v. Speer · Ex parte N. K. Fairbank Co.
Cited together with United States v. Grinnell Corp. · Ex parte American Steel Barrel Co. · In the Matters of Lee Roy Murchison and John Whites · Liteky et al United States · Offutt v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 1,537 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Whenever a party to any proceeding in a district court makes and files a timely and sufficient affidavit that the judge before whom the matter is pending has a personal bias or prejudice either against him or in favor of any adverse party, such judge shall proceed no further therein, but another judge shall be assigned to hear such proceeding.”
23 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“must give fair support to the charge of a bent of mind that may prevent or impede impartiality of judgment.”
20 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[T]ribunals of the country shall not only be impartial in the controversies submitted to them but shall give assurance that they are impartial....”
10 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.